本文详细介绍了MCP(Micro Cloud Platform)服务的使用方法和调用规范。MCP是一个轻量级微服务云平台,提供了丰富的API接口和服务集成能力。通过本指南,您将了解MCP的核心功能、接口规范、认证机制、调用示例以及最佳实践,帮助您在项目中高效地集成和使用MCP服务。
🚀 MCP服务概述
MCP(Micro Cloud Platform)是一个现代化的微服务云平台,专为企业级应用设计,提供了丰富的服务集成能力和API接口。
核心特性
- 服务注册与发现:自动化的服务注册和发现机制
- 负载均衡:智能的请求分发策略
- 服务网关:统一的API入口和路由管理
- 服务编排:灵活的服务组合和流程编排
- 集群部署:支持多节点集群部署
- 故障转移:自动检测故障并进行服务切换
- 熔断机制:防止级联故障的智能熔断
- 限流保护:基于QPS的请求限流策略
- 多租户隔离:严格的租户资源隔离
- 身份认证:支持多种认证方式(Token、OAuth2.0等)
- 权限控制:细粒度的API访问控制
- 数据加密:传输和存储数据加密
- 分布式追踪:请求全链路追踪
- 性能监控:实时服务性能监控
- 日志管理:集中式日志收集和分析
- 告警机制:异常情况实时告警
技术架构
点击查看MCP架构图
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| +----------------------------------+ | 客户端应用 | +----------------------------------+ | | HTTPS ▼ +----------------------------------+ | API网关层 | | +----------+ +----------+ | | | 认证授权 | | 流量控制 | | | +----------+ +----------+ | +----------------------------------+ | | 内部调用 ▼ +----------------------------------+ | 服务治理层 | | +----------+ +----------+ | | | 服务注册 | | 服务发现 | | | +----------+ +----------+ | | +----------+ +----------+ | | | 负载均衡 | | 熔断降级 | | | +----------+ +----------+ | +----------------------------------+ | | 服务调用 ▼ +----------------------------------+ | 微服务集群 | | +----------+ +----------+ | | | 业务服务A| | 业务服务B| | | +----------+ +----------+ | | +----------+ +----------+ | | | 业务服务C| | 业务服务D| | | +----------+ +----------+ | +----------------------------------+ | | 数据访问 ▼ +----------------------------------+ | 数据存储层 | | +----------+ +----------+ | | | MySQL | | Redis | | | +----------+ +----------+ | | +----------+ +----------+ | | | MongoDB | | Kafka | | | +----------+ +----------+ | +----------------------------------+
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💻 安装与配置
环境要求
在安装MCP服务之前,请确保您的环境满足以下要求:
- 操作系统:Linux(推荐Ubuntu 18.04+/CentOS 7+)、Windows Server 2016+
- Docker:18.09.0+
- Kubernetes:1.16+(可选,用于集群部署)
- 内存:最小4GB,推荐8GB+
- CPU:最小2核,推荐4核+
- 存储:最小20GB,推荐50GB+
- 网络:稳定的网络连接,开放相关端口
安装步骤
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| wget https://github.com/mcp-project/mcp/releases/download/v1.5.0/mcp-1.5.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mcp-1.5.0.tar.gz cd mcp-1.5.0
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| cp config/mcp.yaml.example config/mcp.yaml
vim config/mcp.yaml
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配置文件示例:
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| server: port: 8080 context-path: /api
database: type: mysql host: localhost port: 3306 username: mcp_user password: mcp_password database: mcp
cache: type: redis host: localhost port: 6379 password: redis_password
auth: jwt: secret: your_jwt_secret_key expiration: 86400
logging: level: INFO path: /var/log/mcp
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| docker-compose up -d
./bin/startup.sh
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启动成功后,可以通过以下命令检查服务状态:
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| curl http://localhost:8080/api/v1/health
{"status":"UP","version":"1.5.0","timestamp":"2023-07-15T10:30:00Z"}
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Docker部署
docker-compose.yml1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
| version: '3.7'
services: mcp-server: image: mcp/server:1.5.0 container_name: mcp-server restart: always ports: - "8080:8080" environment: - SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE=prod - DB_HOST=mysql - DB_PORT=3306 - DB_NAME=mcp - DB_USER=mcp_user - DB_PASSWORD=mcp_password - REDIS_HOST=redis - REDIS_PORT=6379 - REDIS_PASSWORD=redis_password volumes: - ./config:/app/config - ./logs:/app/logs depends_on: - mysql - redis
mysql: image: mysql:8.0 container_name: mcp-mysql restart: always ports: - "3306:3306" environment: - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root_password - MYSQL_DATABASE=mcp - MYSQL_USER=mcp_user - MYSQL_PASSWORD=mcp_password volumes: - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql - ./init-scripts:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
redis: image: redis:6.2 container_name: mcp-redis restart: always ports: - "6379:6379" command: redis-server --requirepass redis_password volumes: - redis-data:/data
volumes: mysql-data: redis-data:
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🔑 认证与授权
MCP服务采用多种认证机制,确保API调用的安全性。
认证方式
最简单的认证方式,适用于服务器端调用:
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| GET /api/v1/resources HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com X-API-Key: your_api_key_here
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获取API Key的方式:
- 登录MCP管理控制台
- 导航至「安全」>「API密钥」
- 点击「创建密钥」按钮
- 设置密钥名称和权限范围
- 生成并保存API Key(注意:密钥只显示一次)
基于Token的认证方式,适用于用户会话:
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| GET /api/v1/resources HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9...
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获取JWT Token的流程:
调用登录接口获取Token
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| POST /api/v1/auth/login HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Content-Type: application/json
{ "username": "your_username", "password": "your_password" }
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从响应中获取Token
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| { "token": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9...", "expires_in": 86400 }
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适用于第三方应用授权:
获取授权码
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| GET https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/oauth/authorize?client_id=your_client_id&redirect_uri=your_redirect_uri&response_type=code&scope=read
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使用授权码获取访问令牌
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| POST /api/v1/oauth/token HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
client_id=your_client_id&client_secret=your_client_secret&grant_type=authorization_code&code=authorization_code&redirect_uri=your_redirect_uri
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使用访问令牌调用API
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| GET /api/v1/resources HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer access_token_here
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权限控制
MCP采用基于角色(RBAC)的权限控制模型:
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| graph TD A[用户] -->|属于| B[角色] B -->|拥有| C[权限] C -->|控制| D[资源访问] E[管理员角色] -->|拥有| F[所有权限] G[操作员角色] -->|拥有| H[读写权限] I[访客角色] -->|拥有| J[只读权限]
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📡 API接口规范
接口版本控制
MCP API采用URI路径方式进行版本控制:
- v1版本:
/api/v1/resources
- v2版本:
/api/v2/resources
当API发生不兼容变更时,会增加新的版本号。我们承诺同一版本的API在其生命周期内保持向后兼容。
请求格式
标准请求格式1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
| POST /api/v1/resources HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer your_token_here Content-Type: application/json X-Request-ID: 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
{ "name": "resource_name", "type": "resource_type", "properties": { "key1": "value1", "key2": "value2" } }
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响应格式
所有API响应均使用统一的JSON格式:
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| { "code": 200, "message": "操作成功", "data": { "id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000", "name": "resource_name", "type": "resource_type", "properties": { "key1": "value1", "key2": "value2" }, "created_at": "2023-07-15T10:30:00Z", "updated_at": "2023-07-15T10:30:00Z" }, "request_id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000" }
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| { "code": 400, "message": "请求参数错误", "errors": [ { "field": "name", "message": "名称不能为空" }, { "field": "type", "message": "类型必须是预定义类型之一" } ], "request_id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000" }
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| { "code": 200, "message": "操作成功", "data": { "items": [ { "id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000", "name": "resource_name_1", "type": "resource_type" }, { "id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440001", "name": "resource_name_2", "type": "resource_type" } ], "pagination": { "page": 1, "page_size": 10, "total": 42, "total_pages": 5 } }, "request_id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000" }
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错误码说明
点击查看错误码列表
错误码 | 描述 | 处理建议 |
---|
200 | 成功 | 请求成功处理 |
400 | 请求参数错误 | 检查请求参数是否符合要求 |
401 | 未授权 | 检查认证信息是否正确 |
403 | 权限不足 | 确认是否有足够权限访问资源 |
404 | 资源不存在 | 检查请求的资源ID是否正确 |
409 | 资源冲突 | 资源已存在或状态冲突 |
429 | 请求过于频繁 | 降低请求频率,遵循限流规则 |
500 | 服务器内部错误 | 联系技术支持 |
503 | 服务不可用 | 服务可能正在维护,稍后重试 |
10001 | 用户名或密码错误 | 检查登录凭证 |
10002 | 账户已锁定 | 联系管理员解锁账户 |
10003 | 令牌已过期 | 重新获取认证令牌 |
20001 | 资源配额不足 | 升级服务等级或释放未使用资源 |
20002 | 操作不支持 | 检查资源当前状态是否支持该操作 |
30001 | 数据库操作失败 | 检查数据完整性或联系技术支持 |
📊 服务调用示例
客户端SDK
MCP提供多种语言的SDK,简化API调用:
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<dependency> <groupId>com.mcp</groupId> <artifactId>mcp-client</artifactId> <version>1.5.0</version> </dependency>
import com.mcp.client.MCPClient; import com.mcp.client.auth.ApiKeyAuth; import com.mcp.client.model.Resource;
public class MCPExample { public static void main(String[] args) { MCPClient client = MCPClient.builder() .endpoint("https://mcp.example.com") .auth(new ApiKeyAuth("your_api_key")) .build(); Resource resource = new Resource(); resource.setName("test-resource"); resource.setType("compute"); try { Resource created = client.getResourceService().createResource(resource); System.out.println("Created resource ID: " + created.getId()); } catch (MCPException e) { System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage()); } } }
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from mcp_client import MCPClient from mcp_client.auth import JWTAuth from mcp_client.exceptions import MCPError
client = MCPClient( endpoint="https://mcp.example.com", auth=JWTAuth(token="your_jwt_token") )
try: response = client.resources.list(page=1, page_size=10) print(f"Total resources: {response.pagination.total}") for item in response.items: print(f"Resource: {item.name} (ID: {item.id})") new_resource = { "name": "test-resource", "type": "storage", "properties": { "size": "100GB", "zone": "us-east-1" } } created = client.resources.create(new_resource) print(f"Created resource with ID: {created.id}") except MCPError as e: print(f"Error: {e.code} - {e.message}")
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const { MCPClient } = require('mcp-client'); const { OAuth2Auth } = require('mcp-client/auth');
const client = new MCPClient({ endpoint: 'https://mcp.example.com', auth: new OAuth2Auth({ accessToken: 'your_access_token' }), timeout: 30000 });
async function mcpExample() { try { const { data } = await client.resources.query({ type: 'compute', status: 'running', limit: 5 }); console.log(`Found ${data.pagination.total} resources`); if (data.items.length > 0) { const resourceId = data.items[0].id; const resourceDetail = await client.resources.get(resourceId); console.log('Resource details:', resourceDetail.data); const updated = await client.resources.update(resourceId, { properties: { tags: ['production', 'web-tier'] } }); console.log('Updated resource:', updated.data); } } catch (error) { console.error('API Error:', error.message); if (error.response) { console.error('Error details:', error.response.data); } } }
mcpExample();
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package main
import ( "context" "fmt" "log"
"github.com/mcp/mcp-client-go" "github.com/mcp/mcp-client-go/auth" )
func main() { client, err := mcp.NewClient( mcp.WithEndpoint("https://mcp.example.com"), mcp.WithAuth(auth.NewAPIKey("your_api_key")), ) if err != nil { log.Fatalf("Failed to create client: %v", err) }
ctx := context.Background()
resources, err := client.Resources.List(ctx, &mcp.ResourceListParams{ Page: 1, PageSize: 10, Type: "database", }) if err != nil { log.Fatalf("Failed to list resources: %v", err) }
fmt.Printf("Found %d resources\n", resources.Pagination.Total)
newResource := &mcp.ResourceCreateParams{ Name: "test-db", Type: "database", Properties: map[string]interface{}{ "engine": "mysql", "version": "8.0", "size": "medium", }, }
created, err := client.Resources.Create(ctx, newResource) if err != nil { log.Fatalf("Failed to create resource: %v", err) }
fmt.Printf("Created resource with ID: %s\n", created.ID)
detail, err := client.Resources.Get(ctx, created.ID) if err != nil { log.Fatalf("Failed to get resource: %v", err) }
fmt.Printf("Resource details: %+v\n", detail) }
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REST API调用
不使用SDK,直接调用REST API的示例:
curl示例1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
| curl -X POST https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/auth/login \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -d '{"username":"admin","password":"password123"}'
curl -X POST https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/resources \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..." \ -d '{ "name": "web-server-01", "type": "compute", "properties": { "cpu": 2, "memory": "4GB", "disk": "100GB", "image": "ubuntu-20.04" } }'
curl -X GET https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/resources?type=compute&status=running \ -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..."
curl -X GET https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/resources/550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000 \ -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..."
curl -X PUT https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/resources/550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000 \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..." \ -d '{ "properties": { "tags": ["production", "web-tier"] } }'
curl -X DELETE https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/resources/550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000 \ -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..."
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WebSocket接口
MCP还提供WebSocket接口,用于实时数据推送和事件通知:
WebSocket连接示例1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
| const token = 'eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9...'; const ws = new WebSocket(`wss://mcp.example.com/api/v1/ws?token=${token}`);
ws.onopen = () => { console.log('WebSocket连接已建立'); ws.send(JSON.stringify({ action: 'subscribe', channel: 'resource.events', filter: { resource_type: 'compute', event_types: ['created', 'updated', 'deleted'] } })); };
ws.onmessage = (event) => { const message = JSON.parse(event.data); console.log('收到消息:', message); switch (message.event_type) { case 'resource.created': console.log(`新资源已创建: ${message.data.name} (ID: ${message.data.id})`); break; case 'resource.updated': console.log(`资源已更新: ${message.data.id}`); break; case 'resource.deleted': console.log(`资源已删除: ${message.data.id}`); break; case 'system.notification': console.log(`系统通知: ${message.data.message}`); break; } };
ws.onerror = (error) => { console.error('WebSocket错误:', error); };
ws.onclose = (event) => { console.log(`WebSocket连接已关闭,代码: ${event.code},原因: ${event.reason}`); if (event.code !== 1000) { console.log('尝试重新连接...'); } };
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批量操作
MCP支持批量操作,提高API调用效率:
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| POST /api/v1/resources/batch HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... Content-Type: application/json
{ "items": [ { "name": "web-server-01", "type": "compute", "properties": { "cpu": 2, "memory": "4GB" } }, { "name": "web-server-02", "type": "compute", "properties": { "cpu": 2, "memory": "4GB" } }, { "name": "db-server-01", "type": "database", "properties": { "engine": "mysql", "version": "8.0" } } ] }
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| PUT /api/v1/resources/batch HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... Content-Type: application/json
{ "items": [ { "id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000", "properties": { "tags": ["production"] } }, { "id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440001", "properties": { "tags": ["staging"] } } ] }
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| DELETE /api/v1/resources/batch HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... Content-Type: application/json
{ "ids": [ "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000", "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440001", "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440002" ] }
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| POST /api/v1/resources/query HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... Content-Type: application/json
{ "filters": [ { "field": "type", "operator": "eq", "value": "compute" }, { "field": "properties.status", "operator": "in", "value": ["running", "stopped"] }, { "field": "created_at", "operator": "gte", "value": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z" } ], "sort": { "field": "created_at", "order": "desc" }, "page": 1, "page_size": 20 }
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🛠️ 高级功能
资源监控
MCP提供实时资源监控功能,帮助您了解资源的运行状态:
监控数据可通过以下方式获取:
- REST API:定期轮询获取监控数据
- WebSocket:实时推送监控数据
- Prometheus集成:通过标准的Prometheus接口导出监控指标
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| gantt title 资源监控数据保留策略 dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD section 高精度数据 1分钟粒度 :a1, 2023-07-01, 7d section 中精度数据 5分钟粒度 :a2, 2023-07-01, 30d section 低精度数据 1小时粒度 :a3, 2023-07-01, 90d section 归档数据 1天粒度 :a4, 2023-07-01, 365d
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事件通知
MCP支持多种事件通知方式,确保您及时了解系统中的重要变更:
配置Webhook接收事件通知:
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| POST /api/v1/webhooks HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... Content-Type: application/json
{ "name": "resource-events", "url": "https://your-server.com/webhook/mcp-events", "secret": "your_webhook_secret", "events": ["resource.created", "resource.deleted", "alert.*"], "status": "active" }
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Webhook接收到的事件格式:
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| { "id": "evt_550e8400e29b41d4a716446655440000", "event_type": "resource.created", "created_at": "2023-07-15T10:30:00Z", "data": { "id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000", "name": "web-server-01", "type": "compute" }, "signature": "sha256=..." }
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配置邮件通知:
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| POST /api/v1/notifications/email HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... Content-Type: application/json
{ "name": "critical-alerts", "recipients": ["admin@example.com", "ops@example.com"], "events": ["alert.critical", "system.maintenance"], "status": "active" }
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配置短信通知:
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| POST /api/v1/notifications/sms HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... Content-Type: application/json
{ "name": "emergency-alerts", "recipients": ["+8613800138000", "+8613900139000"], "events": ["alert.critical", "system.outage"], "status": "active" }
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定时任务
MCP支持定时任务功能,可以按计划执行特定操作:
创建定时任务1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
| POST /api/v1/schedules HTTP/1.1 Host: mcp.example.com Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... Content-Type: application/json
{ "name": "daily-backup", "description": "每日数据库备份", "schedule": "0 0 * * *", "action": { "type": "api_call", "method": "POST", "path": "/api/v1/databases/{database_id}/backups", "path_params": { "database_id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000" }, "body": { "type": "full", "retention_days": 7 } }, "status": "active" }
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🔍 故障排查与错误处理
常见问题解决
认证相关问题
1. Token无效或过期
症状:API请求返回401错误,消息为”令牌已过期”或”无效的令牌”
解决方案:
- 检查Token是否过期(JWT Token可以在jwt.io解码查看)
- 重新获取新的Token
- 确保Token正确添加到请求头中(格式为
Authorization: Bearer your_token
)
2. 权限不足
症状:API请求返回403错误,消息为”权限不足”
解决方案:
- 检查用户角色是否有足够权限
- 联系管理员授予必要权限
- 使用具有更高权限的账户
连接问题
1. 无法连接到MCP服务
症状:连接超时或拒绝
解决方案:
- 检查网络连接是否正常
- 确认MCP服务是否正常运行
- 检查防火墙设置,确保相关端口已开放
- 验证服务地址是否正确
2. SSL/TLS证书问题
症状:SSL握手失败或证书验证错误
解决方案:
- 确保客户端信任服务器证书
- 检查证书是否过期
- 对于开发环境,可以配置跳过证书验证(生产环境不推荐)
性能问题
1. 请求响应缓慢
症状:API请求响应时间异常长
解决方案:
- 检查网络延迟
- 优化请求参数,减少返回数据量
- 使用批量API减少请求次数
- 检查MCP服务器负载情况
2. 请求被限流
症状:收到429错误,消息为”请求过于频繁”
解决方案:
- 降低请求频率
- 实现指数退避重试策略
- 联系管理员调整限流配置
- 优化代码,减少不必要的API调用
日志收集与分析
MCP提供全面的日志收集和分析功能,帮助排查问题:
日志级别从低到高依次为:DEBUG < INFO < WARN < ERROR < FATAL
建议的日志级别设置:
- 开发环境:DEBUG或INFO
- 测试环境:INFO
- 生产环境:WARN或ERROR
获取系统日志1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
| curl -X GET https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/logs?level=ERROR&limit=100 \ -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..."
curl -X GET "https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/logs?start_time=2023-07-14T00:00:00Z&end_time=2023-07-15T23:59:59Z&level=WARN" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..."
curl -X GET "https://mcp.example.com/api/v1/resources/550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000/logs" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..."
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💯 最佳实践
性能优化
安全建议
保护您的MCP服务和API调用安全:
错误处理策略
在客户端代码中实现健壮的错误处理:
- 临时性错误(如429、503):实现重试机制
- 永久性错误(如400、404):修复请求或报告错误
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| async function callApiWithRetry(apiFunc, maxRetries = 3, initialDelay = 1000) { let retries = 0; while (true) { try { return await apiFunc(); } catch (error) { const isTransient = error.status === 429 || error.status === 503; if (!isTransient || retries >= maxRetries) { throw error; } const delay = initialDelay * Math.pow(2, retries); console.log(`请求失败,${delay}ms后重试(${retries + 1}/${maxRetries})`); await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, delay)); retries++; } } }
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当核心服务不可用时,提供备选方案:
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| async function getResourceData(resourceId) { try { return await api.resources.get(resourceId); } catch (error) { console.error('API请求失败:', error); const cachedData = localStorage.getItem(`resource_${resourceId}`); if (cachedData) { console.log('使用缓存数据'); return JSON.parse(cachedData); } console.log('使用默认数据'); return { id: resourceId, name: 'Unknown Resource', status: 'unknown', }; } }
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确保错误信息对用户有帮助:
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| function handleApiError(error) { const status = error.response?.status; const errorCode = error.response?.data?.code; const message = error.response?.data?.message || error.message; const details = error.response?.data?.errors; switch (status) { case 400: return `请求参数错误: ${message}${formatValidationErrors(details)}`; case 401: return '您的登录已过期,请重新登录'; case 403: return '您没有权限执行此操作'; case 404: return '请求的资源不存在'; case 429: return '请求过于频繁,请稍后再试'; case 500: return `服务器错误(${errorCode}): ${message}\n请联系技术支持并提供以下信息:\n错误码: ${errorCode}\n时间: ${new Date().toISOString()}`; default: return `未知错误: ${message}`; } }
function formatValidationErrors(errors) { if (!errors || errors.length === 0) return ''; return '\n具体问题:\n' + errors.map(err => `- ${err.field}: ${err.message}`).join('\n'); }
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📚 参考资源
API参考文档
社区与支持
🔮 未来规划
MCP平台的发展路线图:
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| gantt title MCP平台发展路线图 dateFormat YYYY-MM section 核心功能 多云管理支持 :done, 2023-01, 2023-03 容器编排增强 :done, 2023-04, 2023-06 边缘计算支持 :active, 2023-07, 2023-09 AI/ML服务集成 :2023-10, 2024-01 section 安全增强 零信任架构 :done, 2023-01, 2023-05 高级威胁防护 :active, 2023-06, 2023-09 合规认证扩展 :2023-10, 2024-02
|